What are ocular allergies? Ocular allergies are often triggered by common things in the environment. These substances are called allergens and they cause a variety of different symptoms. Allergic reactions to these allergens usually involve the conjunctiva, which becomes inflamed when they come into contact with the allergen. The symptoms may appear suddenly or may develop over time. An eye doctor can help determine whether or not you may have ocular allergies.
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The best way to prevent the symptoms of eye allergies is to limit your exposure to the allergen. An eye doctor will help you determine the substances that trigger your reaction. They can also recommend environmental control measures to minimize your contact with those allergens. Some of these measures include keeping indoors when the pollen count is high and using sunglasses and eyeglasses. Also, avoid rubbing your eyes or applying soap or other cosmetic products to your eyes. You can also use an antihistamine eye drop to help reduce histamines in the eye.
Ocular allergies are mediated by the immunoglobulin E-mast cell system. The allergens trigger histamine and other proinflammatory mediators, which recruit eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages. These proinflammatory mediators trigger a late-phase reaction in the conjunctival tissues. This inflammatory reaction manifests in redness, swelling, and itching. In severe cases, a white ropey discharge may also be present.